Putting the AI in Aid: The impact of artificial intelligence on international development

The international development sector stands at a crossroads as artificial intelligence presents both unprecedented opportunities and challenges for achieving global development objectives.

Current landscape: Artificial Intelligence is showing promise in advancing United Nations Sustainable Development Goals through various applications, from disaster prediction systems to smart energy infrastructure optimization.

• Developing nations are taking measured steps toward AI adoption, with many implementing national strategies while remaining mindful of potential risks
• Applications span critical sectors including agriculture, healthcare, and humanitarian aid delivery
• The development community has largely remained passive rather than strategic in its approach to AI integration

Key challenges and opportunities: The integration of AI in international development presents a complex mix of potential benefits and risks that require careful consideration.

• AI tools could help optimize resource allocation, improve disaster response, and enhance healthcare delivery in underserved areas
• There are significant concerns about AI potentially widening existing inequalities and consolidating power in the hands of a few
• The lack of diverse representation in AI development, particularly from Global South perspectives, poses risks to inclusive development

Strategic recommendations: Development organizations need to transition from passive observation to active engagement in shaping AI’s role in international aid.

• Organizations must restructure incentives to encourage comprehensive, progress-oriented approaches to AI implementation
• Strategic learning frameworks are needed to effectively evaluate AI investments and their impacts
• Internal AI expertise must be developed within development organizations to ensure informed decision-making
• Robust safeguards and partnerships should be established to protect human rights and promote inclusive economic growth

Implementation priorities: Coordination among donors and partners is essential for creating meaningful impact through AI initiatives.

• Focus should be placed on fundamental, ecosystem-level investments, particularly in African nations
• Development organizations need to build coalitions to ensure AI supports rather than undermines social inclusion
• Strategic partnerships between technologists and development experts should be fostered to bridge knowledge gaps

Future implications: The development sector’s approach to AI in the coming years will likely determine whether this technology becomes a transformative force for global good or exacerbates existing inequalities. Success will depend on proactive engagement, strategic investments, and careful attention to inclusive development principles.